بیوتکنولوژی - BIOTECHNOLOGY

A study led by a researcher at the University of Southern California has found a new model to explain how signals between cells in the embryo control limb development.

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Australian researchers are a step closer to turning plants into ‘biofactories’ capable of producing oils which can be used to replace petrochemicals used to manufacture a range of products.

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ETH Zurich biochemists have discovered a new pathway by which the cell selectively degrades ribosomes. The pathway is called ribophagy and will probably enter the textbooks. Ubiquitin makes it all possible.

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Got food? A team of scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies think they know how many--if not most--living organisms answer this question. They recently showed that when food supplies dwindle, mammals, fruitflies, or frogs probably activate the same ancient cell signaling pathway in order to conserve energy.

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 به گزارش فيزورگ، تحقيق بين المللي محققان موسسه فناوري ماساچوست و مرکز هلمهولتس مونيخ بر روي ژنوم انساني تحليل گسترده اي بود که بر اساس اطلاعات مربوط به بيش از 26 هزار شرکت کننده انجام شد.

Researchers at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute (VBI) at Virginia Tech have identified Heme Detoxification Protein (HDP), a unique protein encoded in the malaria genome that represents a potential target for developing new malaria drugs. The team, which includes researchers at Washington University School of Medicine, the United States National Institutes of Health, the United States Food and Drug Administration as well as other researchers at Virginia Tech, has characterized HDP and demonstrated that it plays a major role in protecting Plasmodium as the pathogen pursues infection of its host.

                                            Malaria in red blood cell

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Duke University Medical Center researchers have recently discovered that a crucial communications pathway in cells not only stops cells from making proteins, it also makes them go. The team was able to define the way in which proteins called beta arrestins (for their role in stopping signals) also turn on pathways that ultimately lead to the production of new proteins in virtually all tissues in the body.           

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Fully mature, differentiated B cells can be reprogrammed to an embryonic-stem-cell-like state, without the use of an egg according to a study published in Cell.

                                                          stem-cell

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 University of Illinois researchers have developed a technique for imaging cells under an electron microscope that yields a sharper image of the structure of chromatin, the tightly wound bundle of genetic material and proteins that makes up the chromosomes. Their findings appear in Nature Methods.

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Scientists Discover New Genes Linked To Rheumatoid Arthritis

A University of Michigan Medical School rheumatologist and his colleagues are beginning to comprehend how identical twins can be so different when it comes to the development of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. This newfound understanding and appreciation stems from the recent findings of three over-expressed genes in RA that were not previously linked with the ailment. This discovery could provide the necessary avenues for understanding the widely variable nature of RA and open the door for new and improved treatment.

 Researchers are closing in on a completed diagram of how human cells protect themselves against constant genetic mistakes that contribute to most diseases, according to a study to be published in the April 18 edition of the journal Cell.

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به همت محققان دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهيد بهشتي، قويترين چسب بافتي جهان تركيبي از فناوري نانووچسب بافتي هوشمند تحت عنوان «Nano-Glue » در بيمارستان پانزده خرداد توليد و  رونمايي شد.

 دكتر مهدي راستي اردكاني مجري اين گروه تحقيقاتي با اشاره به 5 دستاورد علمي در حوزه جراحي ترميمي اظهار كرد: پس از دستيابي به چسب بافتي هوشمند در مرداد ماه سال گذشته در تلاش براي رسيدن به چسبي قويتر و با چسبندگي بيشتري بوديم كه تاكنون با غلظت چسب بافتي توليدي ما، هنوز چسبي در جهان ساخته نشده است....

The nature vs. nurture debate is familiar to most people, and modern conclusions usually predict a balance between the two. A new paper published this week in the open-access journal PLoS Biology shows that there is a similar balance between the genes we inherit -- nature -- and the environment -- nurture -- in determining thousands of traits in yeast.

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Researchers from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the U.S. Army Dugway (Utah) Proving Ground have developed reliable methods based on DNA analysis to assess the concentration and viability of anthrax spores after prolonged storage. The techniques and data are essential steps in developing a reliable reference standard for anthrax detection and decontamination.

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دكترعليرضا زالي رييس دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهيد بهشتي روز دوشنبه در گفت و گو با خبرنگاران در اين‌باره گفت تا قبل، برا ي انجام مهندسي بافت معمولا يك داربست بايد آماده مي‌شد و عناصر نانوكريستال‌ها بر آن سوار مي‌شد، اما در اين روش كشت و رشد سلول‌ها هر دو در آن واحد انجام مي‌گيرد و نيازي به داربست‌هاي كشت سلولي نيست....

 A team led by Johns Hopkins researchers has solved important puzzles concerning how certain proteins guide the reproduction of bacteria, discoveries that could lead to a new type of antibiotics.

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به‌گزارش دريافتي روز يكشنبه ايرنا، وي همچنين مدال طلا، ديپلم افتخار و جايزه نقدي سازمان مالكيت فكري ملل متحد را به عنوان برترين اختراع نصيب خود كرد...

A range of new technologies including genetic modification (GM) and RNA Interference are being deployed to improve the health of farm animals in a series of European and global initiatives. The ground was laid for a European platform to develop new treatments that exploit these technologies at a recent workshop organised by the European Science Foundation (ESF).

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به گزارش خبرگزاري آسوشيتدپرس، در فرانسه، ايتاليا و هلند كلينيك‌هايي وجود دارد كه به بيماران سرطاني درمان‌هاي آزمايشي ارائه مي‌دهند اما در اروپا ، انگليس تنها كشور ي است كه در آن اين درمانگاهها در يك شبكه ملي قرار دارند...

University of Delaware researchers, in collaboration with U.S. and international colleagues, have found a new type of molecule--a kind of “micro-switch”--that can turn off genes in rice, which is the primary source of food for more than half the world's population.

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A closer alliance between computational and experimental researchers is needed to make progress towards one of biology's most challenging goals, understanding how epigenetic marks contribute to regulation of gene expression. This emerged from a recent workshop organised by the European Science Foundation (ESF), "Computational Approaches to the Role of Epigenetic Marks in Transcription Regulation".

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